The Effects Of Radiation Therapy On The Lymphatic System: Acute And Latent Effects

Radiation therapy has been an effective therapeutic modality in the management of both benign and malignant tumors for over a century. The science and technology surrounding the deliv-ery of this targeted treatment has significantly improved our ability to not only control tumors, but to also minimize the untoward complications of irradiating normal tissues. Advances in radia-tion and surgical techniques have significantly decreased the incidence of debilitating lymphedema (LE); however, this side effect will continue to occur in all patients who undergo surgery and/or radiation therapy on lymphatic-rich tissues. In this article, we will briefly review the pathophysiology of radiation-induced LE and discuss some of the more common radiation treatment techniques and indications employed in the management of breast, gynecologic and prostate cancers.